Once again in the gospel of Luke, Jesus tells another story, another parable. This particular parable is found only in this gospel, and it focuses on the type of person God blesses. V9 says, “He also told this parable to some who trusted in themselves that they were righteous and regarded others with contempt.” We see that the story is aimed at those who trust in their own righteousness, and regard others with contempt. In other words, the very people arrogantly nodding to each other, sure that they have what it takes to stay faithful to Jesus, even if others fail.
Jesus describes someone who, by all appearances, should be one of the most holy and devoted Jews around: as a Pharisee. Pharisees get a lot of negative attention in the gospel stories, so we might need to adjust our thinking about them to understand how they might be seen through the eyes of first century Jewish culture. Pharisees were extremely devout, and highly disciplined in their religious practices. A pharisee was obedient to the Law, even going above and beyond what the Law required.